Trabajo de investigación documental sobre estrategias didácticas para fortalecer la autonomía en los niños de educación inicial (2016 -2024)
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Escuela de Educación Superior Pedagógica Pública “Generalísimo José de San Martín”
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El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar el estado actual del conocimiento sobre las estrategias didácticas orientadas al fortalecimiento de la autonomía en los niños de educación inicial, a partir de las investigaciones realizadas entre 2016 y 2024. La investigación sigue un enfoque cualitativo de tipo documental, basado en el análisis de fuentes académicas. Se identificaron ocho tipos de estrategias didácticas utilizadas para promover la autonomía infantil como las actividades vivenciales, los acuerdos de aula, el método Montessori, los juegos, los talleres educativos, la dramatización, la pedagogía de la ternura y el trabajo cooperativo con padres. Estas estrategias buscan fortalecer la capacidad de los niños para tomar decisiones, expresar emociones y asumir responsabilidades en su entorno escolar y social. Los resultados indican que la dramatización (93%), la pedagogía de la ternura (88%) y el trabajo cooperativo con padres (85%) son las estrategias con mayor efectividad, permitiendo a los niños desarrollar habilidades fundamentales para su independencia. En conclusión, las estrategias didácticas revisadas han mostrado influencia positiva en el fortalecimiento de la autonomía infantil, destacando la importancia de su implementación en el contexto educativo peruano.
The present study aimed to analyze the current state of knowledge regarding teaching strategies aimed at strengthening autonomy in children in early childhood education, based on research conducted between 2016 and 2024. The research follows a qualitative documentary approach, based on the analysis of academic sources. Eight types of teaching strategies used to promote child autonomy were identified: experiential activities, classroom agreements, the Montessori method, games, educational workshops, dramatization, the pedagogy of tenderness, and cooperative work with parents. These strategies seek to strengthen children's ability to make decisions, express emotions, and assume responsibilities in their school and social environments. The results indicate that dramatization (93%), the pedagogy of tenderness (88%), and cooperative work with parents (85%) are the most effective strategies, allowing children to develop fundamental skills for their independence. In conclusion, the reviewed teaching strategies have shown a positive influence on strengthening children's autonomy, highlighting the importance of their implementation in the Peruvian educational context.
The present study aimed to analyze the current state of knowledge regarding teaching strategies aimed at strengthening autonomy in children in early childhood education, based on research conducted between 2016 and 2024. The research follows a qualitative documentary approach, based on the analysis of academic sources. Eight types of teaching strategies used to promote child autonomy were identified: experiential activities, classroom agreements, the Montessori method, games, educational workshops, dramatization, the pedagogy of tenderness, and cooperative work with parents. These strategies seek to strengthen children's ability to make decisions, express emotions, and assume responsibilities in their school and social environments. The results indicate that dramatization (93%), the pedagogy of tenderness (88%), and cooperative work with parents (85%) are the most effective strategies, allowing children to develop fundamental skills for their independence. In conclusion, the reviewed teaching strategies have shown a positive influence on strengthening children's autonomy, highlighting the importance of their implementation in the Peruvian educational context.
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