Los organizadores gráficos para la iniciación de la lecto-escritura en niños de 5 años de la I.E.I Nº 231- Rioja, 2023
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Escuela de Educación Superior Pedagógica Pública “Generalísimo José de San Martín”
Abstract
La presente investigación tuvo como propósito comprobar la eficacia de los organizadores gráficos en la iniciación de la lectoescritura en los niños de cinco años de la I.E.I. N.º 231 de Rioja durante el año 2023. Se trabajó bajo un enfoque cuantitativo con diseño cuasiexperimental, aplicando pruebas pretest y postest a los grupos experimental y control. En la evaluación inicial, el 72% de los estudiantes del grupo control se encontraba en nivel de inicio, evidenciando limitaciones en lectura y escritura. En contraste, tras la intervención pedagógica, el grupo experimental alcanzó mejoras notorias en los niveles de logro esperado y destacado, lo que refleja el impacto positivo del uso de los organizadores gráficos. El análisis estadístico realizado con el software SPSS confirmó que los resultados del postest no siguieron una distribución normal, por lo que se aplicó la prueba no paramétrica U de Mann-Whitney. Los datos demostraron diferencias significativas a favor del grupo experimental (p < 0.01), validando la hipótesis de investigación. Se concluye que el uso sistemático de pictogramas, ciclos y croquis potencia la comprensión lectora, favorece la producción escrita y estimula aprendizajes significativos desde la educación inicial.
This study aimed to verify the effectiveness of graphic organizers in fostering early reading and writing skills among five-year-old children at I.E.I. No. 231 in Rioja during 2023. A quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental design was used, applying pretest and posttest evaluations to both control and experimental groups. Initial data showed that 72% of the control group remained at the beginning level of literacy, revealing limited reading and writing skills. After the intervention, 100% of the experimental group reached the expected or outstanding levels of achievement, demonstrating significant progress in literacy development. Statistical analysis performed with SPSS indicated that the posttest data were non normally distributed; therefore, the nonparametric Mann-Whitney U test was applied. The results revealed significant differences in favor of the experimental group (p < 0.01), confirming the research hypothesis. It was concluded that the consistent use of pictograms, cycles, and sketches enhances reading comprehension, strengthens writing production, and promotes meaningful learning in early childhood education.
This study aimed to verify the effectiveness of graphic organizers in fostering early reading and writing skills among five-year-old children at I.E.I. No. 231 in Rioja during 2023. A quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental design was used, applying pretest and posttest evaluations to both control and experimental groups. Initial data showed that 72% of the control group remained at the beginning level of literacy, revealing limited reading and writing skills. After the intervention, 100% of the experimental group reached the expected or outstanding levels of achievement, demonstrating significant progress in literacy development. Statistical analysis performed with SPSS indicated that the posttest data were non normally distributed; therefore, the nonparametric Mann-Whitney U test was applied. The results revealed significant differences in favor of the experimental group (p < 0.01), confirming the research hypothesis. It was concluded that the consistent use of pictograms, cycles, and sketches enhances reading comprehension, strengthens writing production, and promotes meaningful learning in early childhood education.
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